Pelvic pain is a very common symptom in women of reproductive age. It is often interpreted as something “normal” associated with the menstrual cycle or even minimized when it limits daily activities. However, pain should never be assumed as normal, especially in the context of fertility.
Identifying its origin is essential to avoid delays in diagnosing relevant conditions such as endometriosis, adenomyosis, or certain ovarian pathologies.
Which pelvic pains can be considered normal?
Throughout the menstrual cycle, hormonal changes can cause some discomforts that are considered physiological. These are usually mild, short-lived pains that do not significantly affect quality of life.
Ovulation pain can also be considered normal. Some women feel a sharp or occasional discomfort on one side of the abdomen around mid-cycle, related to the release of the egg.
Similarly, small premenstrual discomforts such as a feeling of heaviness, bloating, or slight sensitivity in the lower abdomen are part of the normal cycle when they are not intense or persistent.
Which pelvic pains should raise concern?
When pelvic pain is intense, persistent, or accompanied by other symptoms such as fever or abnormal discharge, it may indicate the presence of a condition that should be investigated.
In the context of fertility, this type of pain deserves special attention as some conditions are associated with fertility problems.
Some diseases related to pelvic pain include:
- Endometriosis:
It typically presents with severe menstrual pain, chronic pelvic pain, discomfort during intercourse, and sometimes pain during bowel movements. It is not “normal” pain and tends to worsen over time. It is one of the leading causes of female infertility.
- Adenomyosis:
Characterized by very painful and heavy periods, pelvic pressure, and persistent discomfort. While less well-known, it can also affect uterine function and make conception more difficult.
- Ovarian pathology (cysts, ovarian torsion):
Sudden, intense, or localized pain on one side could indicate a complicated cyst or ovarian torsion, a medical emergency that requires immediate attention.
- Pelvic infections: If the pain is accompanied by fever, abnormal discharge, or general malaise, it may be related to infections that, if untreated, can affect the reproductive system and reduce the chances of pregnancy.
In general, it is recommended to consult a doctor whenever pain interferes with daily life, forces you to stop activities, does not respond to regular pain relievers, or is associated with difficulty conceiving.
At Barcelona IVF, pelvic pain is always addressed with the care it deserves, integrating clinical evaluation, advanced diagnostic tests, and close support for each patient. If pelvic pain is part of your daily life or you are trying to conceive, a specialized team can help you find answers and guide you safely through the next steps.
Dr. Cristina Guix
Fertility Specialist at Barcelona IVF
