What Is the ALICE Test?
The ALICE test (Analysis of Infectious Chronic Endometritis) is a molecular diagnostic test used to detect chronic endometritis, a condition characterized by inflammation of the endometrial tissue caused by chronic infections. It has been shown that the presence of pathogenic bacteria associated with chronic endometritis is linked to implantation failures and recurrent miscarriages.
The ALICE test specifically identifies the microorganisms involved in the infection, which is very helpful in order to design a personalized antibiotic and probiotic treatment for each woman before starting assisted reproduction treatment. This improves success rates by optimizing the woman’s endometrial receptivity.
When Is the ALICE Test Indicated?
The ALICE test is recommended in the following cases:
- Recurrent miscarriages with no apparent cause.
- Repeated implantation failures in IVF processes.
- Suspected chronic endometritis in patients with irregular bleeding or recurrent pelvic discomfort.
- Altered endometrial microbiome, previously detected through the EMMA test.
How Is the ALICE Test Performed?
- Endometrial Biopsy: A small sample of endometrial tissue is obtained through an outpatient procedure. Although generally well tolerated, it may cause mild discomfort similar to menstrual cramps.
- Bacterial DNA Extraction and Analysis by using massive sequencing techniques.
- Results Report: Within 10 to 15 days, the medical team receives a detailed report on the microorganisms detected. This information is key to designing an effective and personalized treatment for each patient.
What Types of Infections Does the ALICE Test Detect?
The ALICE test detects bacteria associated with chronic endometritis, such as Enterococcus spp., Enterobacteriaceae, Streptococcus spp., Staphylococcus spp., Mycoplasma spp., or Ureaplasma spp.
It is therefore useful in detecting both infections caused by a single microorganism, and polymicrobial infections.
What Treatment Is Recommended If the ALICE Test Is Positive?
A positive ALICE test result indicates the presence of an active infection in the endometrium. The treatment usually involves specific antibiotics combined with probiotics, aiming to combat the active infection and to restore balance in the endometrial microbiome.